NCLEX Practice Test

What are potential signs and symptoms of preeclampsia in a client at 28 weeks gestation? Select all that apply.

1. 300 mg/24 hr (0.3 g/day) protein in urine

2. Frequent urination

3. Headache and blurry vision

4. Hemoglobin 10 g/dL (100 g/L)

5. 2+ pitting pedal edema

The correct answer is: 300 mg/24 hr (0.3 g/day) protein in urine

The presence of 300 mg of protein in a 24-hour urine sample is a significant indicator of preeclampsia. In preeclampsia, one of the hallmark signs is the development of proteinuria, which is defined as the presence of excess protein in the urine. The amount specified (300 mg) meets the criteria for proteinuria diagnosis, which occurs in the context of hypertension during pregnancy, typically after 20 weeks gestation. In addition to proteinuria, preeclampsia can also present with other symptoms, such as elevated blood pressure and signs of end-organ dysfunction. However, in the context of the answer choices provided, proteinuria is a critical diagnostic criterion and aligns with the pathological changes associated with preeclampsia. Other symptoms, like headaches, blurry vision, and edema, may also relate to preeclampsia but might not directly meet the diagnostic thresholds of the condition unless more context or specific criteria are provided. Therefore, recognizing proteinuria is essential in assessing a patient for potential preeclampsia.